Although only completed in the 1970s, Liverpool's Anglican Cathedral is one of Britain's most iconic buildings, a place of superlatives. A visit is a must on any stay in Liverpool. The cathedral is simply vast, and impresses in scale if nothing else, the height emphasised inside by the dark stone: some find this overbearing, others magnificent. Either way, it certainly makes an impression.
Despite the late-Gothic style, this is entirely a 20th-century building. The diocese of Liverpool was created in 1880, but it was not until 1902 that a competition was held to design a cathedral in keeping with the wealthy and burgeoning port. Amazingly, the winner was just 22 years old, and still a student with no other buildings to his credit. But this was no ordinary student: Giles Gilbert Scott was the grandson of Sir George Gilbert Scott, the great Victorian church designer, and his father (also George Gilbert Scott) was also a church architect.
Due to his inexperience, one of the competition assessors, G K Bodley, himself a well-known church architect, was appointed to work alongside him. The relationship was reportedly difficult, but after Bodley's death in 1907, Scott continued alone. Scott's design was for a huge, late gothic church, which would dominate the hill-top site chosen. The plan is conventional, albeit with double transepts, and the floor rises through a series of steps from the west door to emphasise the height.
The first part of the church to be built was the Lady Chapel, completed in 1910, using traditional church building techniques in stone. As the cathedral slowly developed, Scott modified the plans, which replaced the twin west towers with a single central tower, and also simplified the gothic detailing. The contrast between the more intricate and delicate style of the Lady Chapel and the more monumental style of the rest of the cathedral is noticeable. Another change was the adoption of reinforced concrete for the structure, clad in red sandstone, in place of using traditional building techniques.
The choir and eastern transepts were completed in 1924, and the cathedral was consecrated in the presence of King George V. But rising costs, the 1930s' depression and the two World Wars hampered progress, and the cathedral was not finally completed until 1978, when a special service was held in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II.
It is the largest church in the UK and vies with St John the Divine in New York to be the largest Anglican church: it is the third largest in Europe after St Peter's in Rome and Seville cathedral, although it may be larger in volume. Its 101m (331ft) bell-tower is the largest (though not quite the highest) in the world, with the heaviest and highest peal of bells. The central space under the tower (53m, 175ft) was also the highest until a recent clutch of skyscrapers were built with higher atria. But it's still impressive. The organ, with 10,268 pipes, is the largest in the UK, and the largest operational organ in the world.
The cathedral also has an active life of services, education, music and events to match its size, and is one of the most vibrant in the UK. A visit to a service to hear the sound of the magnificent organ reverberating through the interior is a truly memorable experience.
The other amazing experience is to ascend the tower: 2 lifts take you most of the way, but the final ascent is by 108 stairs. Thanks to its dominant position on St James' Mount, the top is over 500ft above the River Mersey, and the views across Liverpool, the Wirral and Cheshire are stupendous. There no doubt about it - this is a must see building.
St. James Mount, Liverpool, Merseyside L1 7AZ
St Luke's is a prominent landmark in central Liverpool, situated at the entrance to Liverpool's Chinatown, it's Gothic architecture looking somewhat incongruous next to the Chinese gateway close by. The strong perpendicular lines are softened by a small garden and trees and bushes around the site, not to say an impressive wall with Gothic detailing.
